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THE METHODOLOGY

THE METHODOLOGY

Bottom-Up Methodology

The calculation uses a bottom-up methodology that calculates transport distances, energy consumption, greenhouse gases CO2 and CO2 equivalents, air pollutants SOx, NOx, NMHC and PM10 as well as external costs for every global transport chain.

That means the emissions are determined on the basis of the energy consumed and the fuel used – unlike the usual top-down approach, in which gCO2e / tkm are multiplied by the freight weight and a distance. This approach is progressive and allows for the ability to incorporate new types of fuel or vehicle technologies, with only one parameter needing to be adjusted in the calculation workflow.

Sustainable Logistics Supply Chain Green Worldwide Shipping

The European Standard EN 16258 requires the calculation and declaration of energy consumption and GHG emissions of transport services on Tank-to-Wheel (TTW) and Well-to-Wheel (WTW) basis.

Well-to-Wheel Calculation

Green also takes into consideration calculating the complete Well-To-Wheel (WTW) energy accountability cycle.

Well-to-Tank (WTT)

Upstream energy consumption and upstream emissions.
Energy provision, production and distribution.
Also known as primary energy consumption.

Tank-to-Wheel (TTW)

Final energy consumption and vehicle emissions.
Also known as final energy consumption.

Well-to-Wheel (WTW)

Total energy consumption and total emissions.
Sum of operational and upstream activity.

HOW IT WORKS

4 steps of

carbon calculation

DETERMINE THE ROUTE

Determination of the route by using the internal routing algorithm and extensive transport-specific GIS data networks.

Transport Details

Gross weight in tonnes, containers (TEU, FEU) or pallets.

SPLIT INTO TRANSPORT LEGS

A split is made when emission-relevant parameters of the route change. Amongst others these include the following route attributes:

Truck: road type (motorway, country road extra-urban, urban)
Truck, train: Ferries
Truck, train: Change of country(especially important for electricitymixes and biofuel shares)
Sea ship: ECA or non-ECA zone

Origins, Destinations, Waypoints

Postal codes
UN-/LO CODES
IATA codes
Railway and loading stations
Geographic coordinates

Transport Description

Individual vehicle type
Fuel types
Load factor and empty runs
Global emission classes per traffic type
Optional refrigerated cargo

Mode of Transport

All common truck types
All common train types
Container, Bulk, RoRo ships
Over 280 aircraft types

ENERGY & EMISSION CALCULATION PER LEG

Determination of energy required, the fuel consumption and the emission curves based on:

Vehicle attributes, such as vehicle type and emission class (default value or customer-specific value)
Route attributes of the section

Formula for calculating energy and emissions for each section with the following parameters:

Freight weight
Load factor and share of empty runs
Fuel type and biofuel share
Fuel consumption and emission factors
based on vehicle attributes
Distance per section

Calculation

Global ETW internal routing by transport mode
Automatic determination of transfer points for ports, airports and railway stations
Network-specific attributes, such as street category, electrification or ECA area
Automatic detection of stop-overs based
on the flight number

Automatic Transport Parameters

Vehicle type, fuel quality, emission class per country worldwide
Trade lane and ship category
Load factors for FTL, LTL, FCL, LCL
Identification of the aircraft type based on the flight number

Proven Sources

Handbook for Emission Factors, MOVES
International Maritime Organization,
Clean Cargo
Small Emitters Tool Eurocontrol

CARBON EMISSION RESULTS

Totalization of all section results with the following outputs;

Energy consumption
Greenhouse gases
Air pollutants
Distances
Transport parameters used
External costs

Optional outputs;

Route as KML-file
Subdivision of results per
Country (Country split)
Fuel (e.g. diesel, electric, MDO/MGO)

Emissions as WTT and TTW

CO2 (carbon dioxide)
CO2-e (carbon dioxide equivalents)
NOx (nitrogen oxides)
SOx (sulphur oxides)
PM10 (particulate matters)
NMHC (non-methane hydrocarbons)

External costs related to

CO2-equivalent
Environmental pollutants
Accidents
Noise

Additional output options

Waypoint distances also as KML file
Optional split by country, mode of transport or fuel type
Detailed description of the calculation parameters used for each section

CALCULATION

freight

	Quantity of shipped units Input *quantity of units* bring shipped in TEU or tonnes.
	Unit of measure Select TEU for container transport. *1 TEU = 1 twenty-foot container.* If TEU is selected, weight is calculated on the Load Type (average, heavy, light).
	Freight type Defines the *load factor* and *empty trip factor* for the transport modes Truck and Train if the freight unit is in tonnes.
	Tonnes per TEU *Net weight in* *tonnes* of the *load carried by a TEU.* This value affects the load factor for Lorry or Train transport if the calculation is mased on TEU.
	Ferry routing priority *Normal* Selects a ferry if the detour is 5X longer. *Preferred* Selects a ferry if it shortens the route (independent of detour) *Avoid* Selects a ferry only if the detour would be 100X longer.

origin

City district

Railway station

UN/LOCODE

IATA code

Postal code

Coordinates

Select the Origin type

Choose between city district, railway station, UN/LOCODE or IATA airport code for each leg of the shipment journey. Enter a Postal ZIP code or choose the transport legs with geographic coordinates through the Google Maps integration